Jul 17, 2019 5G Network: How It Works, and Is It Dangerous? By Tim Childers 17 July 2019. With 5G, mobile devices will be able to send and receive information in less than one-thousandth of a second. These odds are based on winning $100 for a given bet. Betting a Favorite: The odds for favorites will have a minus (-) sign, and represent the money you need to risk to win $100. So if you're betting on the Packers at -140 against the Vikings, that means Green Bay is a slight favorite. You need to risk $140 to win $100 on the Packers.
In the Internet addressing architecture, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) have reserved various Internet Protocol (IP) addresses for special purposes.[1]
IPv4[edit]
IPv4 designates special usage or applications for various addresses or address blocks: [1][2]
Address block | Address range | Number of addresses | Scope | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|
0.0.0.0/8 | 0.0.0.0–0.255.255.255 | 16777216 | Software | Current network[3] (only valid as source address). |
10.0.0.0/8 | 10.0.0.0–10.255.255.255 | 16777216 | Private network | Used for local communications within a private network.[4] |
100.64.0.0/10 | 100.64.0.0–100.127.255.255 | 4194304 | Private network | Shared address space[5] for communications between a service provider and its subscribers when using a carrier-grade NAT. |
127.0.0.0/8 | 127.0.0.0–127.255.255.255 | 16777216 | Host | Used for loopback addresses to the local host.[3] |
169.254.0.0/16 | 169.254.0.0–169.254.255.255 | 65536 | Subnet | Used for link-local addresses[6] between two hosts on a single link when no IP address is otherwise specified, such as would have normally been retrieved from a DHCP server. |
172.16.0.0/12 | 172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255 | 1048576 | Private network | Used for local communications within a private network.[4] |
192.0.0.0/24 | 192.0.0.0–192.0.0.255 | 256 | Private network | IETF Protocol Assignments.[3] |
192.0.2.0/24 | 192.0.2.0–192.0.2.255 | 256 | Documentation | Assigned as TEST-NET-1, documentation and examples.[7] |
192.88.99.0/24 | 192.88.99.0–192.88.99.255 | 256 | Internet | Reserved.[8] Formerly used for IPv6 to IPv4 relay[9] (included IPv6 address block 2002::/16). |
192.168.0.0/16 | 192.168.0.0–192.168.255.255 | 65536 | Private network | Used for local communications within a private network.[4] |
198.18.0.0/15 | 198.18.0.0–198.19.255.255 | 131072 | Private network | Used for benchmark testing of inter-network communications between two separate subnets.[10] |
198.51.100.0/24 | 198.51.100.0–198.51.100.255 | 256 | Documentation | Assigned as TEST-NET-2, documentation and examples.[7] |
203.0.113.0/24 | 203.0.113.0–203.0.113.255 | 256 | Documentation | Assigned as TEST-NET-3, documentation and examples.[7] |
224.0.0.0/4 | 224.0.0.0–239.255.255.255 | 268435456 | Internet | In use for IP multicast.[11] (Former Class D network). |
240.0.0.0/4 | 240.0.0.0–255.255.255.254 | 268435455 | Internet | Reserved for future use.[12] (Former Class E network). |
255.255.255.255/32 | 255.255.255.255 | 1 | Subnet | Reserved for the 'limited broadcast' destination address.[3][13] |
IPv6[edit]
IPv6 assigns special uses or applications for various IP addresses:[1]
Networker 5 3 100 000
Address block (CIDR) | First address | Last address | Number of addresses | Usage | Purpose |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
::/0 | :: | ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff | 2128 | Routing | Default route (no specific route) |
::/128 | :: | :: | 1 | Software | Unspecified address. |
::1/128 | ::1 | ::1 | 1 | Host | Loopback address to the local host. |
::ffff:0:0/96 | ::ffff:0.0.0.0 | ::ffff:255.255.255.255 | 2128−96 = 232 = 4294967296 | Software | IPv4 mapped addresses. |
::ffff:0:0:0/96 | ::ffff:0:0.0.0.0 | ::ffff:0:255.255.255.255 | 232 | Software | IPv4 translated addresses. |
64:ff9b::/96 | 64:ff9b::0.0.0.0 | 64:ff9b::255.255.255.255 | 232 | Global Internet | IPv4/IPv6 translation.[14] |
100::/64 | 100:: | 100::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff | 264 | Routing | Discard prefix.[15] |
2001::/32 | 2001:: | 2001::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff | 296 | Global Internet | Teredo tunneling. |
2001:20::/28 | 2001:20:: | 2001:2f:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff | 2100 | Software | ORCHIDv2.[16] |
2001:db8::/32 | 2001:db8:: | 2001:db8:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff | 296 | Documentation | Addresses used in documentation and example source code.[17] |
2002::/16 | 2002:: | 2002:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff | 2112 | Global Internet | The 6to4 addressing scheme (now deprecated).[8] |
fc00::/7 | fc00:: | fdff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff | 2121 | Private network | Unique local address.[18] |
fe80::/10 | fe80:: | febf:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff | 2118 | Link | Link-local address. |
ff00::/8 | ff00:: | ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff | 2120 | Global Internet | Multicast address. |
See also[edit]
- Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)
References[edit]
- ^ abcM. Cotton; L. Vegoda; R. Bonica; B. Haberman (April 2013). Special-Purpose IP Address Registries. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC6890. BCP 153. RFC6890. Updated by RFC 8190.
- ^https://www.iana.org/assignments/iana-ipv4-special-registry/iana-ipv4-special-registry.xhtml
- ^ abcdM. Cotton; L. Vegoda; R. Bonica; B. Haberman (April 2013). Special-Purpose IP Address Registries. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC6890. BCP 153. RFC6890. Updated by RFC 8190.
- ^ abcY. Rekhter; B. Moskowitz; D. Karrenberg; G. J. de Groot; E. Lear (February 1996). Address Allocation for Private Internets. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC1918. BCP 5. RFC1918. Updated by RFC 6761.
- ^J. Weil; V. Kuarsingh; C. Donley; C. Liljenstolpe; M. Azinger (April 2012). IANA-Reserved IPv4 Prefix for Shared Address Space. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). doi:10.17487/RFC6598. ISSN2070-1721. BCP 153. RFC6598.
- ^S. Cheshire; B. Aboba; E. Guttman (May 2005). Dynamic Configuration of IPv4 Link-Local Addresses. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3927. RFC3927.
- ^ abcJ. Arkko; M. Cotton; L. Vegoda (January 2010). IPv4 Address Blocks Reserved for Documentation. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC5737. ISSN2070-1721. RFC5737.
- ^ abO. Troan (May 2015). B. Carpenter (ed.). Deprecating the Anycast Prefix for 6to4 Relay Routers. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC7526. BCP 196. RFC7526.
- ^C. Huitema (June 2001). An Anycast Prefix for 6to4 Relay Routers. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3068. RFC3068. Obsoleted by RFC 7526.
- ^S. Bradner; J. McQuaid (March 1999). Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect Devices. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC2544. RFC2544. Updated by: RFC 6201 and RFC 6815.
- ^M. Cotton; L. Vegoda; D. Meyer (March 2010). IANA Guidelines for IPv4 Multicast Address Assignments. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC5771. BCP 51. RFC5771.
- ^J. Reynolds, ed. (January 2002). Assigned Numbers: RFC 1700 is Replaced by an On-line Database. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3232. RFC3232. Obsoletes RFC 1700.
- ^Jeffrey Mogul (October 1984). Broadcasting Internet Datagrams. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC0919. RFC919.
- ^C. Bao; C. Huitema; M. Bagnulo; M. Boucadair; X. Li (October 2010). IPv6 Addressing of IPv4/IPv6 Translators. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC6052. RFC6052.
- ^N. Hilliard; D. Freedman (August 2012). A Discard Prefix for IPv6. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC6666. RFC6666.
- ^J. Laganier; F. Dupont (September 2014). An IPv6 Prefix for Overlay Routable Cryptographic Hash Identifiers Version 2 (ORCHIDv2). Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC7343. RFC7343.
- ^G. Huston; A. Lord; P. Smith (July 2004). IPv6 Address Prefix Reserved for Documentation. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3849. RFC3849.
- ^R. Hinden; B. Haberman (October 2005). Unique Local IPv6 Unicast Addresses. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4193. RFC4193.
External links[edit]
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reserved_IP_addresses&oldid=972396258'
Community Care Network
The VA Community Care Network (CCN) is VA’s direct link with community providers to ensure Veterans receive timely, high-quality care. CCN uses industry-standard approaches and guidelines to administer services, pay for services promptly, and manage the network to its full potential.
CCN is comprised of six regional networks covering all U.S. states and territories, and is being deployed in a phased approach. Once fully implemented, CCN will be the preferred national network VA uses to purchase care for Veterans in their community.
Regional Networks
CCN is comprised of six regional networks that serve as the contract vehicle for VA to purchase care for Veterans from community providers. The existing PC3 network will transition over time to allow for CCN implementation to occur region-by-region in a phased approach beginning in the northeast with Region 1.
Region 1 | Region 2 | Region 3 | Region 4 |
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Region 1 map | Region 2 map | Region 3 map | Region 4 map |
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Region 5 |
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Region 5 map |
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Region 6 |
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Region 6 map |
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NOTE: VA awarded a contract to Optum Public Sector Solutions, Inc. (Optum), part of UnitedHealth Group, Inc., to serve as a Third Party Administrator (TPA) for CCN Regions 1, 2, and 3. In addition, VA has awarded a contract to TriWest Health Care Alliance to manage CCN Region 4. Contracts have not yet been awarded for CCN Region 5 or CCN Region 6.
News Releases:
VA awards Community Care Network contracts to increase health care access
VA awards contract for Region 4 of CCN to increase Veteran access to health care
VA awards Community Care Network contracts to increase health care access
VA awards contract for Region 4 of CCN to increase Veteran access to health care
Join CCN
If you are a community provider located in Regions 1-4 and are ready to partner with VA to care for Veterans, sign up to join CCN today!
Regions 1, 2 and 3–Contact Optum:
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Region 1: 888-901-7407
Region 2: 844-839-6108
Region 3: 888-901-6613
Region 2: 844-839-6108
Region 3: 888-901-6613
Region 4–Contact TriWest:
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866-286-4174
CCN Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Community Care Network (CCN)?CCN is comprised of six regional networks. It covers all U.S. states and territories and relies on Third Party Administrators (TPAs) to develop and administer regional networks of high-performing licensed health care providers on behalf of VA. CCN has an established set of regional boundaries aligned to state boundaries to provide local flexibility and increased access to care. Each regional network of CCN serves as the contract vehicle for VA to purchase care in the community. With CCN, there is a focus on transparency, accountability, quality, and increased communications between VA and Veterans.
What is the role of TriWest during the transition to the new Community Care Network?During the transition, community providers continue to partner with TriWest. TriWest’s exisiting PC3 network serves as a critical bridge until CCN is fully deployed to ensure Veterans continue to receive the care they need. The selected TPA for each region of CCN (e.g. Optum, TriWest) will reach out to you for enrolling in their network based on a deployment plan.
Why is VA hiring new Third Party Administrators (TPAs)?CCN is part of VA’s modernization efforts, which have new requirements that emphasize transparency, accountability, quality, and increased communications between VA, providers, and Veterans to improve Veterans' access to care. The selected TPAs for each region will administer CCN with transparency, accountability, quality and in accordance with the enhanced requirements of the contract.
What happens if a Veteran needs a referral for additional health care services?Community providers submit a referral request directly to VA when a Veteran requires care beyond what is included on the original referral.
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Who is responsible for handling customer service for Veterans?VA directly manages Veteran community care customer service touchpoints while the CCN Regional TPAs will support inquiries from community providers and VA. Noteplan 1 6 16 download free.
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Contacts
To find the nearest VA facility, use the VA Facility Locator.
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